What is Neurolysis?
Neurolysis is a surgical procedure that involves "freeing up" a nerve that has become trapped or tethered by scar tissue. Normally, a nerve glides smoothly as surrounding joints move. However, after previous surgery or trauma, scar tissue can form around or within the nerve, restricting its natural movement.
When a nerve is tethered by scar tissue, it can cause shooting pain when the joint is moved, a condition known as Traction Tinel’s sign or neurostenalgia. In more severe cases, the nerve’s ability to transmit signals may be impaired, leading to a loss of sensory or motor function in the affected area.
How is Neurolysis Performed?
During neurolysis, the surgeon carefully releases any scar tissue or constricting structures that are compressing the nerve. This procedure requires a high level of precision and is performed under magnification using special tools, such as loupes or a microscope, to ensure healthy nerve tissue is preserved. This careful technique is essential for avoiding further nerve damage.
In some cases, the surgeon may use intraoperative nerve stimulation or nerve conduction studies during the procedure to help distinguish between functioning and non-functioning nerve tissue, ensuring the best possible outcome.
Why is Neurolysis Important?
By releasing the nerve from scar tissue, neurolysis restores the nerve’s ability to glide smoothly, thereby reducing pain and improving function. If the nerve’s ability to transmit signals has been compromised, neurolysis may help restore sensation or movement in the affected area. This procedure is particularly beneficial when nerve function has been impaired by scarring, offering relief from pain and a chance to regain lost function.