Regional Anaesthesia and Nerve Injury
Regional anaesthesia (or block) is a well-established technique used to numb a limb, allowing surgery to be performed without causing pain. It can be employed on its own, in which case the patient remains awake, or in combination with general anaesthesia, where the patient is put to sleep for the duration of the procedure. Additionally, regional anaesthesia provides highly effective postoperative pain relief, often reducing or eliminating the need for opioids and shortening hospital stays.
While nerve injuries following a block are fortunately rare, the potential complications can be devastating for both the patient and the anaesthetist. The exact incidence is difficult to determine, but mild, transient paraesthesia or temporary neurological deficits may occur in up to 10% of cases. However, permanent nerve damage is estimated to occur in only 1–2 cases per 10,000 blocks.
When Should I Seek Help?
You should seek medical attention if you experience any of the following symptoms after a nerve block:
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Neuropathic pain: Sensations such as electric shocks, shooting pain, or burning
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Persistent numbness or paralysis: If these symptoms extend beyond the expected time for the anaesthetic agent to wear off
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Static symptoms: If the numbness or weakness has not improved or progressed over time
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Loss of sweating in the affected limb
Key Message
Nerve injuries following regional anaesthesia are rare. However, prompt recognition and action are crucial to minimise any long-term disability caused by the injury.